Phagocytosis, Endocytosis, Receptor Internalization

Phagocytosis

In phagocytosis, cells internalize particulate matter, such as microorganisms, a process that is important for immune response and apoptotic cell clearance. Indicators for phagocytosis studies include fluorescent dye-labeled treated bacteria and yeast. Tracking phagocytosis with quench / wash-based detection can detect simple uptake processes, or the entire progress of the pathway can be detected with pH indicators.

Endocytosis and puffing

Endocytosis is the process by which cells enclose non-granular substances such as non-proteins or polysaccharides. This process is important for metabolism and cellular signaling. Fluorescent proteins and organic dyes are the most useful indicators for staining vesicle walls and vesicle contents. Because vesicle pH changes during endocytosis, pH indicators can also be used to detect the entire course of the pathway.

Antibody internalization

Antibodies specific for cell surface receptors induce receptor-mediated endocytosis when bound. They are often studied as vectors for targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs, toxins, enzymes or DNA. We offer a wide range of antibody-labeled dyes for washing or quenching-based detection against in vivo chemical detection.